更新时间：2026-08-26 来源：互联网编辑：杜宗点击数： 1985次

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2021年，宇航员将能够吃自己的新鲜豆子。_我的网站

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一 | Europe’s leading hotelier Accor - a French international hospitality business with billions in revenue and more than 5,100 hotels - is now beginning “trials” to hire people with no experience in the hotel industry, the company’s chief executive Sebastien Bazin said, as it struggles to fill at least 35,000 vacancies.,“We tried in Lyon and Bordeaux 10 days ago and this weekend we're having people interviewed with no CV, no previous job experience and they are hired within 24 hours," Bazin said.,Since underpaid workers left the company, Accor is now filling those positions with those who are desperate for work such as students and/or expats.,Those who are practically hired on the spot by the multi-billion dollar company are trained in only six hours and are forced to learn on the job. The company will also limit their contact with customers as they struggle with staffing.,"It's students, people coming from North Africa," Bazin said, "and basically closing restaurants for lunch or [opening them] only five days a week. There's no other solution.",Some hoteliers will have to increase pay to find the help they need this tourist season. Spain’s tourism sector supported 13.5 percent of their workforce in 2018 - before the pandemic - and accounted for 11.8 percent of their gross domestic product in 2017. But Spain’s catering industry is at present short some 200,000 workers, and Portugal is fighting to increase staff at their hotels to keep pace with increasing demand.,"Many employees have decided to move to other sectors, so we are starting an industry from scratch and we have to fight for talent," said Gabriel Escarrer, chief executive of Spanish hotel group Melia which, along with other hospitality businesses, is reportedly offering higher wages than previously, health insurance, and free accommodation - though that last perk could be more a reflection of the shortage of housing near resorts.,However, hoteliers such as Hotel Mundial - located in Lisbon, Portugal - are facing the far from ideal decision of cutting services if they can’t find staff, and those who employ students will have to juggle rotas to accommodate their schedules.,“During the week we can't open because we have no hands - they are studying,” said Jose Carlos, who owns a bar in Madrid called Tabanco de Jerez.,Spain's hospitality industry is now paying 60 percent more than it did last year, on average, in an attempt to lure workers back to the force - however, those working in the tourism industry are still among the lowest-paid workers.,"Half of it is we've been blind, we've been not paying attention to a lot of people and probably underpaying some people for too long as well," said Bazin, who is worried his company won’t have enough staff when the summer rush, which is the height of the tourist season - arrives. "So it's a wake-up call.",One of the best documented reasons for people leaving their job during 'The Great Resignation' was because they were being paid too little. Another reason was the lack of professional advancement within the industry.,Other reasons people quit in 2021 included: feeling disrespected, lack of flexibility in scheduling, and a lack of benefits such as healthcare and paid holiday, according to a Pew Research Center survey. That same survey found that those who quit their job were able to find new places of employment that offered them better pay and more opportunities.。北京时间1月14日消息，不久，宇航员将能够多吃新鲜蔬菜。

二 | 继2015年国际空间站的莴苣之后，宇航员最早可以在2021年吃自己的豆子。将来，他们会吃更多种类的新鲜蔬菜。”挪威科技大学空间跨学科研究中心的植物生理学家Silje Wolff在一份声明中说：“每个宇航员的梦想都是吃新鲜的食物，比如草莓和樱桃。”这在将来肯定是可能的。我们设想在温室里可以种植几种蔬菜。沃尔夫最近完成了一项实验，其中莴苣生长在一个特殊的容器中，调节植物生长所需的水、营养、气体和空气。尽管沃尔夫使用熔岩中的人工土壤作为基质，但她说她的目标是让植物直接生长在含有维持生命所需营养物质的水中。她指出，在太空中，所有的水和食物都必须循环利用，这意味着植物的施肥必须“尽可能精确”。

三 | 除了营养价值外，在太空站等“荒地”种植作物也能为宇航员提供生理上的舒适。沃尔夫说宇航员经常食欲不振，导致体重下降。”解决吃新鲜食物的心理问题是我们的目标之一。

四 | 真空包装食品并不能真正让人们想到食物，”沃尔夫说。

五 | 重要的是要有能激发食欲的新鲜食物和大脑中正确的受体。园艺也因其对认知能力和心理健康的帮助而闻名。长期隔离会在这两个领域造成问题。例如，美国宇航局宇航员斯科特·凯利在2015年在国际空间站工作了342天。在他的报告中，他提到了他面临的心理压力。”宇航员喜欢园艺和一切能让人想起地球上生活的东西，”沃尔夫说。他们照顾蔬菜，给它们浇水，看着它们一天天长大。

六 | 挪威科技大学空间跨学科研究中心目前正与意大利和法国的研究人员合作，试图找出在长期太空飞行期间种植植物性食品的可行性。研究人员在一份声明中说，虽然一个典型的国际空间站任务要持续6个月，但是到火星的宇航员至少需要在太空中生活和工作一年，当然他们需要在这段时间内吃饭。”根据目前的航天飞行方式，几乎不可能从地球上携带所需的全部资源。这就是为什么我们必须开发生物系统，这样宇航员才能生产他们自己的食物和回收所有的资源，”沃尔夫说。然而，现在，沃尔夫和他的团队专注于简单的豆子，他们需要几个步骤来让宇航员为他们自己准备一顿丰盛的晚餐。目前已完成地面试验。挪威科技大学跨学科空间研究中心将把豆类种子放入离心机，在国际空间站上发芽生长。研究人员可以比较不同重力水平对空间植物的影响。在地球上，重力使热空气上升，冷空气下沉。在空间站上，空气相对静止，使宇航员感到他们正在发低烧。